SOC 1101 Lecture Notes - Lecture 13: Labeling Theory, Differential Association, Mcdonaldization
9 Jun 2016
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> organizations are made of people, not categories. > each bureaucracy has an informal structure : composed of those aspects of participants" day-to-day activities and interactions that ignore, bypass, or do not correspond with the official rules and procedures of the bureaucracy. > goal displacement: occurs when the rules become an end in themselves rather than a means to an end, and organizational survival becomes more important than the achievement of goals (merton) > bureaucratic personalities: describes those persons who are more concerned with following correct procedures than they are with getting the job done correctly (merton: resistance to change. > can make it very difficult for organizations to adapt to new circumstances. > partly due to the distance between management and workers resulting in limited communication. > many companies fail because of this inability to change. > many bureaucracies have created middle and upper management to be filled by middle- and upper-middle-class men (ethnic, class and gender inequalities)
