PSY 4130 Lecture Notes - Lecture 9: Cognitive Psychology, Subjective Constancy, Die Gestalten Verlag
12 Apr 2017
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Perceptual gestalten (principles of organization: figure-ground, the perceptual field can be divided into two parts, the figure and the ground. The figure is clear and unified and is the object of attention, the ground is diffuse and consists of everything that is not being attended to. For example, if we have figures with gaps in them we fill in the gaps to make a whole. Subjective and objective reality: koffka distinguished between the geographical environment (physical environment) and the behavioral environment (our subjective interpretation of the geographical environment), our own subjective reality governs our actions more than the physical environment. Cognitive trial and error: instead of behavioral trial and error, the gestaltists believed that cognitive trial and error occurs. Organisms come to see solutions to problems. Insight learning: if a problem is presented to an organism along with whatever is necessary to solve the problem, insight learning will typically occur, insight learning has basically four characteristics:
