PSY 3142 Lecture Notes - Lecture 12: Adrenocorticotropic Hormone, Locus Coeruleus, Peristalsis
28 Dec 2017
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The opioid drugs are narcotic analgesics; they reduce pain without producing unconsciousness. They create a sense of relaxation and sleep at high doses can lead to a coma or death. Comes from opium which is grown mostly in southeast asia, india, china, iran, turkey, and southeastern europe. Laudanum, an opium-based medicinal drink, was introduced in. Drinking laudanum laced wine was acceptable for use. The main active ingredient in opium is morphine. It was isolated in the early 1800s the rst time an active ingredient of any medicinal plant was isolated. This allowed doctors to prescribe it in known doses. Opium also contains codeine, thebaine, narcotine, and other ingredients. Small di erences in molecular structure determine e ectiveness and side e ects. Heroin was made by adding two acetyl groups to morphine, making it more lipid soluble. This reaches the brain faster, so it is much more potent than morphine, when injected.
