PHI 1101 Lecture Notes - Lecture 6: Tabula Rasa, B. F. Skinner, Classical Conditioning

• School: University of Ottawa
• Department: Philosophy
• Course: PHI 1101
• Professor: Iva Apostolova

Document Summary

Responding to our environment: three types of responses to stimuli, three types of learning. Inborn patterns of behaviour elicited by environmental stimuli: no learning required, more complex than reflexes. Response #3: learning: a relatively permanent change in behaviour or the capacity for behaviour that occurs due to experience, knowing how. Ucr (cid:894)u(cid:374)(cid:272)o(cid:374)ditio(cid:374)ed (cid:396)espo(cid:374)se(cid:895: ugar mile, lip licking, lemon pucker, brow together, food alivating/drooling, pavlolv, studied salivary responses in dogs. Extinction: gradual, systematic desensitization, non gradual, flooding- real events. Higher order conditioning: chain of events which has 2 cs stimuli, expands influence of classical conditioning behaviour. Types of consequences: add so(cid:373)e ele(cid:373)e(cid:374)t to o(cid:374)e"s e(cid:374)(cid:448)i(cid:396)o(cid:374)(cid:373)e(cid:374)t (cid:894)(cid:862)positi(cid:448)e(cid:863)(cid:895) o(cid:396) (cid:396)e(cid:373)o(cid:448)e a(cid:374) ele(cid:373)e(cid:374)t (cid:894)(cid:862)(cid:374)egati(cid:448)e(cid:863)(cid:895, this (cid:272)a(cid:374) lead to a(cid:374) i(cid:374)(cid:272)(cid:396)ease i(cid:374) the (cid:271)eha(cid:448)iou(cid:396) (cid:894)(cid:862)(cid:396)ei(cid:374)fo(cid:396)(cid:272)e(cid:373)e(cid:374)t(cid:863)(cid:895) o(cid:396) a de(cid:272)(cid:396)ease i(cid:374) the (cid:271)eha(cid:448)iou(cid:396) (cid:894)(cid:862)pu(cid:374)ish(cid:373)e(cid:374)t(cid:863)(cid:895) Positive reinforcement: a dog that begs is given a treat; it will learn them to beg more often. Positive punishment: a kitten that scratches is scolded, it will learn not to scratch.