MAT 2379 Lecture Notes - Lecture 1: Punnett Square, Biostatistics
15 Dec 2015
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Document Summary
Hereditary characteristics of an organism are determined by genes. For example, the gene that determines the height of a pea takes on two forms: An allele is one of a number of alternative forms of the same gene. Most organisms have two alleles of each gene. The genotype constitutes the set of the alleles of an organism. For our pea example, there are three genotypes: tt, tt, tt: if the alleles are identical, e. g. tt or tt, then we say that the organism. Otherwise, the organism is said to be heterozygous: certain alleles are dominant and others are recessive: the dominant allele is expressed at the detriment of the recessive allele. For the pea example, there are two phenotypes: tt and tt are expressed as tall plants and tt is expressed as dwar sm. The tree diagram is a graphical method used to represent the outcomes of a random experiment, and calculate the associated probabilities.
