HIS 3150 Lecture Notes - Lecture 2: Simeon North, Shoemaking, Oliver Evans
26 Jul 2018
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Scarcity of skilled labour which led to the creation of mechanization. Lowered the cost of cotton through mechanization: as machines improved, there arose a need to power these machines with mechanical power i. e. hydraulic power. Sinning jenny (1779), water frame (water-powered, richard arkwright, 1775), improved mule. 1793: cotton gin, eli whitney: machine to clean cotton fibre, remove seeds. Fuelled the cotton boom: hand-powered, 1860 >2 billion pounds, 80% ga, al, ms, la, (cid:1011)5% e(cid:454)po(cid:396)ted (cid:396)a(cid:449), (cid:373)ostl(cid:455) . Mechanization: 1784-85: near philadelphia, oliver evans, 1793: spinning mill. University of ottawa: 1813: manufacture, spinning + weaving under the same roof, waltham, ma, first manufactured workshop in the us. Waltham, ma: hub of clock making: no shock that this would be where mechanization would begin. Why: g(cid:396)i(cid:271)eau(cid:448)al (cid:396)efo(cid:396)(cid:373) , 1798: eli whitney wins contract, 10 000 rifles, 1799: simeon north for handguns. Interchangeability: ability to replace parts, clockmakers 1830s.
