GEO 1111 Lecture Notes - Lecture 17: Shear Thinning, Newtonian Fluid, Sea Level Rise

• School: University of Ottawa
• Department: Geology
• Course: GEO 1111
• Professor: Robert Jack Cornett

Document Summary

Sea ice, river ice, permafrost and snow. Water is the only substance on earth that occurs naturally in all 3 phases. Glaciers are most important part of the cryosphere. Ice sheets (11% of earth"s surface) : antarctic, greenland, alpine. Permafrost : permanently below 0c (not necessarily ground ice), 15% of. Sea ice is seasonal, does not contribute to sea level rise. The salt is rejected when the ice forms. Dense, cold water plunges to depths and forms bottom water, this helps keep the oceans" circulation. Naturally accumulated ice mass that deforms under its own weight. Reflect lots of energy and light back to space. Albedo is the percentage of reflected light of glacier. Water and air are considered normal fluids, they deform instantaneously with applied shear. Shear stress vs rate of deformation is linear (for newtonian fluids) Some fluids are non-newtonian and exhibit shear thinning behaviour, their viscosity decreases as hear stress is increased.