ECH 2300 Lecture Notes - Lecture 10: Rome Statute Of The International Criminal Court, Nuremberg, Civil Society
21 Jun 2018
School
Department
Course
Professor
Module 10: Justice and Accountability
The International Criminal Court
-Rome Statute adopted in 1998; started operating in 2003
-First international criminal courts were during post-ww2 in Nuremburg and Tokyo to try
German and Japanese criminals
-Then, UN wanted to codify international crimes : crimes against humanity, war crimes,
genocide
-Wanted to establish a permanent international criminal court – but it was stalled
-SC dispatched commission to investigate allegations of war crimes in the former
Yugoslavia – thus created a tribunal
-Rwandan genocide almost killed 1 million people – needed a tribunal to punish the
perpetrators
-So, two ad hoc tribunals after 45 years of impunity
-Argument for a permeant international criminal court seemed like a pragmatic response
-Civil society campaigning was important
-Today, ICC has only convicted a handful of perpetrators – many refused to surrender to
courts
-African states are accusing the court of bias (because many convicted have been
African)
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