CLA 1101 Lecture Notes - Lecture 6: Authoritarianism, Communication Problems, Birth Order
28 May 2018
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Feb 7, 2018
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Lec 6: Raising Children
Socialization in the Life Cycle
- Socialization is the process of passing on a culture’s way of thinking and acting
- A cradle to grave process
- The learning can occur through explicit instruction, thought the assumptions by which
parente and others treat children and adults, and through observation of the other
people’s behaviours
- Watch their primary role models as to what is okay
- Parents, other children etc
Defining Children
- How we socialize children reflects what we expect of them and the value we place on
them
- Childhood came to be regarded as a special time, and was increasingly differentiated
from adulthood
Parents- The First Socializers
- The number, marital status, sex, sexual orientation and the cage of a child’s parent-
figures may help to shape the child
- Children who grow up in two-parent families, one-parent families, and stepfamilies have
different socializing experiences
- Proportion of children living households with married parents decreased between 2001
and 2011
- Children living with both biological parents who are married to each other do the
best, with adoptees with married parents coming a close second
- Children seem to have more difficulties if they grow up with never-married,
divorced, or remarried parents
- Need to co parent still
- A business like relationship
- Children living with neither biological parent - except adoptees- have the most
difficulties
- Adolescents with same-sec parents do not differ from those with different-sex parents on
psychological well-being, peer relations, school variables, substance use, delinquency,
or victimization
- More liberal minded and more accepting of differences
- Strength of the couple is still a factory
- When parents have less education, their preschool children tend to watch more TV and
read less
- Later school performances is related to early experience with books
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- When mothers and fathers have complex occupations, children do better in school
- Complex work provided a variety of tasks and involves qualities such as people
skills, knowledge, and the ability to deal with changing circumstances
- Young Parents
- Pregnancies of young teen are highly risky; babies are more likely to be
premature
- Young mothers lack financial and social resources to overcome the physical
disadvantages
- Likely to be raised in single parent home, or with grandparents
- Teens are finding their own identity and may be impatient with limits on their
activities
- Babies are very limiting
- Children of “late parents” can expect a stable home, favourable income, good
neighbourhood environment
- Older women, however are at greater risk for problems in pregnancy
- Likelier to use reproductive technologies
- As a result, at risk for multiple births
The Wider Family Circle
- Most children have at least one sibling
- 2011; 45% of families with just one child at home, 38% with two, 16% more than
three
- Sibling relationships are similar to peer relationships in that they are more egalitarian
than that between parents and children
- #1 predictor of siblings getting along is parents getting along
- Unlike peer relationships, the sibling relationship is ascribed; that is, it is not optional
- Differences between firstborn and later-born children in outcomes such as educational
achievement and income
- First born in a family is typically advantaged; later born children receive less
quality time with parents
- Older siblings parly replace parents in providing some of this quality times, which
benefits firstborns because they have opportunity to be teachers from an early
age
- Only children have many of the characteristics if firstborns with siblings
- Children should not all be parented the same
- Each are individual and should be treated as such
- Things do not always need to be fair
- They will even out over time
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- Given that sibling relationships are obligatory, brothers and sisters must learn how to
resolve conflict issues
- Can also be great warmth and affection between brothers and sisters
- Sibling relationship can be one of the most enduring in a person’s life; have a
store of memories in common
- VIDEO:
- Being good at the same thing as sibling only gets you 50% of the
attention
- Favouritism
- 70% of fathers and 60% of mothers exhibit preference for one
child
- The other % may be concealing
- Not parents fault - natural effect
- First borns = first products
- Average 2 years of just them
- When second child comes along to go with where they
have invested
- Most common favorite for a father is the last born daughter
- Mothers more likely to favour last born son
- If they resemble you tempermentaly like them more
- Birth order
- Striving first born
- Bigger and healthier
- Vaccinated better
- More follow up appointments with dr
- 3pt IQ advantage
- More successful
- Caught in the middle born
- 1.5 IQ advantage over last
- Self esteem issues
- Looked over in life
- Take longer to find out what they want to do
- Tend to have denser relationships outside the
home
- Wild last child
- Smallest and weakest
- Must develop low power skills
- Ex charm
- Funnier
- 9.5 fights an hour
- More relationships in the home, pairings in the home
- Usually about property
- Children control very little else in the home
- Fairness
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Document Summary
Socialization is the process of passing on a culture"s way of thinking and acting. The learning can occur through explicit instruction, thought the assumptions by which parente and others treat children and adults, and through observation of the other people"s behaviours. Watch their primary role models as to what is okay. How we socialize children reflects what we expect of them and the value we place on them. Childhood came to be regarded as a special time, and was increasingly differentiated from adulthood. The number, marital status, sex, sexual orientation and the cage of a child"s parent- figures may help to shape the child. Children who grow up in two-parent families, one-parent families, and stepfamilies have different socializing experiences. Proportion of children living households with married parents decreased between 2001 and 2011. Children living with both biological parents who are married to each other do the best, with adoptees with married parents coming a close second.
