ANP 1106 Lecture Notes - Lecture 13: Dental Plaque, Frenulum Of Tongue, Tooth Loss
6 Jun 2018
School
Department
Course
Professor
Anatomy and Physiology 1106
Notes: Lecture 1
Prof: D. Lohnes
Two main groups of organs
➢ Alimentary canal (GI tract)
o Mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestine and the large intestine
o It is a continuous muscular tube from the mouth to the anus
▪ Digests food
▪ Absorbs digested fragmented through the lining into the bloodstream
▪ Excretes the end products of digestion
➢ Accessory digestive organs
o Teeth, tongue, gallbladder, salivary glands, liver and the pancreas
o All of them except the teeth and the tongue are connected to the GI by ducts
o Produce secretory products such as saliva, bile and enzymes to aid in the
digestion of food
o Food i the lue of the GI tat is outside the ody eause the ody opes
at the mouth and ends at the anus
➢ Most of the digestive organs are in the abdominopelvic cavity which is lined with slick,
friction-reducing serous membranes, the peritoneum cavity is the most extensive of
these membranes
o Visceral peritoneum: covers the external surfaces of the digestive organs and is
continuous with parietal peritoneum
o Parietal peritoneum: lines the walls of the abdominopelvic cavity
o Peritoneal cavity: a slitlike space between the visceral and parietal peritonea
which contains fluid that is secreted by the serous membranes, this allows the
digestive organs to glide easily across one another along the body wall as they
carry out their activities
o Mesentery: fused double layer of parietal peritoneum, it carries blood vessels,
lymphatic vessels and nerves to the organs of the GI tract, it functions in order to
stailize ogas so they do’t ove aoud
▪ Most digestive organs keep a mesentery and remain in the peritoneal
cavity/peritoneal organs (some organs like the pancreas lose their
mesentery during development and lie posterior to the peritoneal cavity,
they are called retroperitoneal)
➢ Peritonitis is the inflammation of the peritoneum, it can be caused by a piercing
abdominal wound, a perforating ulcer, poor sterilization techniques used during surgery
and more commonly by appendicitis
➢ The blood supply serving the main components of the GI tract
o Splanchnic circulation: includes the arteries that branch off of the abdominal
aorta to serve the digestive organs and the hepatic portal circulation
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