ANP 1105 Lecture Notes - Lecture 7: Direct Current, Urinary Incontinence, Muscle Weakness

• School: University of Ottawa
• Department: Anatomy and Physiology
• Course: ANP 1105
• Professor: John Copeland

Document Summary

Anatomy lecture 7: generation of an action potential - requires a transient increase in sodium ion permeability => restoration of sodium ion impermeability => transient increase in potassium ion permeability. Cycles of relapse and remission: flare-ups and then some healing and myelin regeneration; axons develop more sodium ion channels in demyelinated areas. Blindness (optic nerve), muscle weakness, clumsiness, urinary incontinence. Myelin destruction is permanent and axons drop out or degenerate. Promote repair of damaged myelin: presynaptic vs postsynaptic neuron (most neurons are both, 2 types of synapses: chemical and electrical, calcium can enter the cell through the synapse and voltage-gated ion channels. Calcium interacts with contractile proteins to help neurotransmitters stuck in vesicles to be released into the synaptic gap. Electrical synapses: much less common; like gap junctions, direct current flow - protein channels, rapid transmission (electrically coupled, neurons can be synchronized, primarily embryonic, also in eye movement; in non-nervous tissue, cardiac and smooth muscle.