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ADM 3318 Lecture Notes - Lecture 5: Absolute Advantage, New Trade Theory, Neomercantilism

60 views6 pages
violetzebra366
2 Dec 2016
School
University of Ottawa
Department
Administration
Course
ADM 3318
Professor
Ado Abdoulkadre

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Document Summary

Free trade: the absence of government-imposed barriers, such as quotas or duties, that impede the free flow of goods and services between countries. Ability to exchange some local products that can be made at low cost in exchange for produ(cid:272)ts that (cid:272)a(cid:374)"t (cid:271)e produ(cid:272)ed at all, or (cid:272)a(cid:374)"t produ(cid:272)e effi(cid:272)ie(cid:374)tly = No common agreement between existing theories in regards to government policy. Mercantilism: the economic philosophy advocating that countries should simultaneously encourage exports and discourage imports. Not working anymore, as the balance-of-trade affects the value of money, which ends up diminishing the value of trade between some countries in the long run. Biggest flaw of the theory: zero-sum game: zero-sum game: a situation in which a gain by one country results in a loss by another. Some countries are now using neo-mercantilism, meaning that they do try to encourage exports and discourage imports, but not as drastically as the pure theory dictates it.

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Related Questions

what is a key factor that determines a firm's profitability?

A differentiation of a firm's product from other products

B factors affecting a firm's entire market

C a firm's average cost of production relative to that of competing firms

D chance events

E all of the above

economic theory suggests countries benefit from international trade by producing more of those good and services for which they have a comparative advantage (and less of that for which a country does not have a comparative advantage). However, countries rarely specialize completely, why?

even with international trade, countries rarely specialize completely because

A, all goods and services can be traded internationally

B, some countries would lose as a result of free trade

C, consumers in different countries have homogeneous tastes

D, some countries do not have an absolute advantege producing anything

E, production of most goods involves increasing opportunity costs.

Question 1

  1. In 2003, the ________ ruled that U.S. tariffs on steel imported from the EU were unfair and allowed the EU to issue retaliatory tariffs on U.S. products.
       
    World Trade Organization
       
    United Nations
       
    European Central Bank
       
    International Human Rights Commission

Question 2

  1. The idea of the U.S.-Canadian Free-Trade Agreement that ________ barriers to trade including tariffs and quotas between the United States and Canada by 1998 was to increase the amount that the United States exports to Canada and the amount that the United States imports from Canada.
       
    increased all
       
    removed some
       
    removed all
       
    increased some

Question 3

  1. According to the theory of comparative advantage, a country should specialize and ________ goods with ________ opportunity cost.
       
    import; the lowest
       
    import; negative
       
    export; the lowest
       
    export; the highest

Question 4

  1. A quota is a restriction on imports.
    True
    False

    Question 5

    1. If Holland decreases subsidies to its tulip growers, the price of tulips in the United States will rise.
      True
      False

    Question 6

    1. According to comparative advantage, trade between two countries allows ________ of the trading countries to use its resources most efficiently.
         
      only the smaller
         
      only the larger
         
      neither
         
      each

    Question 7

    1. ________ U.S. president(s) who has/have held office since GATT was signed has argued for free-trade policies, yet each one has used his powers to protect various sectors of the economy.
         
      Only one
         
      No
         
      Every
         
      Only 3

    Question 8

    1. In 1991, the European Union began the process of forming the
         
      largest free-trade zone in the world.
         
      only continental military force in the world.
         
      first international trade agreement in the world.
         
      first unified currency in the world.

      1. Question 9

        1. The Smoot-Hawley tariff set off an international trade war in the
             
          1930s.
             
          1950s.
             
          1970s.
             
          1990s.



          Please help me with these questions Thank you.

The largest corporation based in the United States is:

A) General Motors.
B) ExxonMobil.
C) General Electric.
D) Microsoft.

2.

Service exports from the United States equal _____ per year.

A) less than $100 billion
B) approximately $250 billion
C) less than $350 billion
D) approximately $500 billion

3.

In addition to agricultural products and manufactured goods, the United States is also the world's largest exporter of:

A) processed and packaged foods.
B) pharmaceuticals.
C) electronics.
D) business services and retailing.

4.

Before entering a country, marketers need to determine if the country has the required _____ to support their marketing efforts.

A) moral code
B) legal system
C) infrastructure
D) trade bodies

5.

In order for a marketer to operate efficiently in a foreign country, it is crucial that a stable _____ be in place to facilitate trade.

A) free trade agreement
B) tariff
C) infrastructure
D) labor force

6.

Which of the following is not a trade barrier to an exporter?

A) Tariffs
B) Import quotas
C) Subsidies
D) Related party trade

7.

A complete ban on the import of a product is known as a(n):

A) import quota.
B) embargo.
C) revenue tariff.
D) protective tariff.

8.

Exchange control is an administrative barrier to international trade that:

A) requires companies that export to sell foreign currencies to the central bank or other foreign agency, and importers to buy foreign currencies from the same organization.
B) supports domestic industry through grants of money or research support.
C) completely bans the importation of a product.
D) sells products in a foreign market cheaper than they are sold domestically.

9.

When a group of nations agree to the free trade of goods among themselves by abolishing tariffs and trade restrictions, the nations have created a:

A) common market.
B) customs union.
C) trading block.
D) free-trade area.

10.

Which of the following is not an objective of the European Union(EU)?

A) eventually remove all trade barriers to free trade among its members.
B) standardize currencies and regulations between member nations.
C) promote the basic tenets of the WTO and GATT treaty.
D) eventually evolve into an independent political entity.

11.

An organization that provides first-time exporters with expertise in locating foreign buyers, handling paperwork, and conforming to local labeling and testing laws is called a(n):

A) export facilitator.
B) export title company.
C) trade assistance corporation.
D) export management company.

12.

McDonald