ADM 2341 Lecture Notes - Lecture 2: Variable Cost, Cost Accounting
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1.If there is a change in the level of the number of unitsproduced:
a.fixed costs per unit will be the same and variable costs per unitwill change.
b.fixed and variable costs per unit will change.
c.fixed and variable costs per unit will remain the same.
d.fixed costs per unit will change and variable costs per unit willbe the same.
2.Which of the following will decrease a companyâs breakevenpoint?
A) Decreasing the contribution margin per unit.
B) Increasing the variable cost per unit.
C) Increasing the total fixed costs.
D) Increasing the selling price per unit.
3.In generating cost information fordetermining whether or not to delete a product line, the mostimportant distinction to identify is: | ||
A) | direct versus indirect costs | |
B) | fixed versus variable costs | |
C) | manufacturing versus non-manufacturing costs | |
D) | avoidable versus unavoidable costs | |
4.Which of the following is the proper sequence in anactivity-based costing system?
A) Identification of cost drivers, identification ofcost pools, calculation of cost application rates, assignment ofcost to products.
B) Identification of cost pools, identification of costdrivers, calculation of cost application rates, assignment of costto products.
C) Assignment of cost to products, identification ofcost pools, identification of cost drivers, calculation of costapplication rates,.
D) Calculation of cost application rates,identification of cost drivers, identification of cost pools,assignment of cost to products.
5.Which of the following statements is true?
A) A traditional volume-based system based on directlabor generally undercosts high volume product lines.
B) In a traditional volume-based costing system basedon direct labor, low volume products generally subsidize highvolume products.
C) An activity-based costing system generallyundercosts low-volume, complex product lines.
D) A traditional volume-based costing system based ondirect labor generally undercosts low-volume, complex productlines.
6.Hamilton Company applies overhead based on direct labor hours.At the beginning of 2005, the company estimated that manufacturingoverhead would be $700,000, and direct labor hours would be 10,000.Actual overhead by the conclusion of 2005 amounted to $800,000 andactual direct labor hours were 14,000. On the basis of thisinformation, Horton's 2005 predetermined overhead rate is:
A) $50.00
B) $70.00
C) $80.00
D) $57.14
Brilliant Accents Company (BAC) manufactures and sells several styles of kitchen faucet handles. The companyâs overhead allocation system uses direct labor hours as an allocation base. The following were estimates of 2015âs production and some production data for two of its styles. Note that BAC makes more than these two styles of product.
| Table 1: Estimates for 2015 | BRASS | CHROME |
| Projected sales in units | 30,000 | 50,000 |
| Per unit data: | ||
| Selling price | $40 | $20 |
| Direct materials | $ 8 | $ 4 |
| Direct labor | $15 | $ 3 |
| Hours per 1000-unit batch: | ||
| Direct labor hours | 40 | 10 |
| Machine hours | 25 | 25 |
| Setup hours | 0.5 | 1.0 |
| Inspection hours | 15 | 29 |
| Total overhead costs (primarily rent, depreciation and other fixed costs of the manufacturing plant): | $870,000 | |
| Estimated activity | ||
| Direct labor hours | 2,900 hours | |
| Machine hours | 2,400 hours | |
The companyâs controller just returned from an all-expenses-paid seminar in Maui on activity-based costing, sponsored by an ABC consulting firm. There, she surprisingly became convinced ABC was right for BAC. She decided to re-do 2015âs overhead allocation using an ABC system. She commissioned a study of the companyâs overhead costs and the related activities.
Since the examples used in the Maui seminar used setups and inspections, she used those as the activities for her ABC study. The results of her study, showing total overhead costs and activity levels for the year are:
| Table 2: Overhead costs | ||
| Activity | Estimated 2015 total activity levels | Total Cost |
| Setups | 95 setup hours | $465,000 |
| Inspections | 2,700 inspection hours | $405,000 |
| $870,000 | ||
During 2015, the company had the following actual results:
| Table 3: 2015 actual results | ||
| Total overhead costs: | $767,000 | |
| Direct labor hours | 2,750 hours | |
| Machine hours | 2,200 hours |
a. (8 points) Using the companyâs traditional cost allocation system that allocates overhead costs via direct labor hours, compute the allocated overhead costs per unit for the Brass and Chrome faucet handles.
b. (4 points) How much overhead would be over- or under-applied for the year using the traditional system?
c. (4 points) If BAC implements an activity-based costing system using the data in table 2, determine the activity cost driver rates for setup costs and inspection costs. Fully label your answer.
d. (8 points) Using the ABC cost allocation system, compute the estimated overhead costs per unit for the Brass and Chrome faucet handles.
e. (4 points) Why do the costs calculated by the two systems differ? Be specific. Generic or nonsense answers wonât get you any points.
f. (3 points) Which cost system (the traditional or the ABC system) is more accurate? That is, which cost system comes closer to calculating the true, actual overhead costs per unit for the products listed above? Explain your answer.
