PSYC 302 Lecture Notes - Lecture 3: Spectroscopy, Tabula Rasa, External Validity
Document Summary
Current theories: joint influence between child and environment. Continuous: gradual process of change, difference between ages is amount/quantity. Discontinuous: qualitatively different ways of perception/behaviour emerge at different ages: stage theories of development like a butterfly. False dichotomy: depends on task and measurements. Timing of experience: critical and sensitive periods. Individual differences: genetics, different treatment by parents. Individuals asked to provide information on their perceptions, thoughts, experiences, etc: self reports, parents/caregivers reports, etc. Interviews: clinical/open-ended interview; flexible, conversational style, structured interview. Observing behaviour of interest in the natural environment: time-sampling: record all behaviours during pre-determined time periods, event-sampling: record behaviour every time event of interest occurs, but not other behaviours. Measure the relationship between physiological processes and behaviours. Heart rate, blood pressure, pupil dilation, hormone levels. Eeg/erp: measures electrical activity in the brain fmri (functional magnetic resonance imaging, measures blood flow in the brain using magnetic fields. Nirs (near-infrared spectroscopy: measures blood flow in the brain using light.
