PSYC 101 Lecture Notes - Lecture 4: Iconic Memory, Cocktail Party, Sensory Memory
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PSYC 101 Full Course Notes
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Memory: the faculty by which the mind stores and remembers information. The role of attention: determines what you remember (arrows = filtering) Cocktail party effect: selective attention in a hectic environment, survival skill, we can only truly focus at one thing at the time. The deeper information is processed, the better it will be remembered: structural (physical appearance) = shallow, phonemic (sound) = intermediate, semantic (meaning) = deep. Elaborative rehearsal: linking a stimulus to other information vs. maintenance rehearsal. Visual imagery: easier for concrete objects, paivio"s dual-coding. Storage: aristotle and plato thought that memories were like etchings on wax tables. Stimulus information is stored for a very brief time. Most studied iconic (visual) and echoic (auditory) Sperling showed subjects a 3x4 array of letters for 50 milliseconds. This technique is referred to as partial recall. Subjects are able to recall much more if the cue is presented immediately. Those that reference nonphysical characteristics (i. e. , vowels), don"t work.
