PHAR 441 Lecture Notes - Lecture 9: Cathepsin, Angiotensin, Verapamil
2 Nov 2016
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Sustained or persistent elevation of bp above 140/90 mmhg. Secondary to some identifiable cause 5-10% of cases. Endocrine htn: pheochromocytoma (increased catecholamine), primary aldosteronism (hypersecretion of aldosterone) Age: onset = 30-40 y/o; progressive increase in bp with age. Renal: impaired renal function, severe chronic renal failure. Preload: the degree that the ventricles are stretched. Afterload: the hindrnace that the ventricles face in ejecting blood. Contractility: the intrinsic ability of the heart to contract dependent on the amount of calcium and the binding between actin and myosin. Stroke volume: the volume of blood pumped by each ventricle in one contraction. Cardiac output: the amount of blood pumped by each side of the heart in one minute. Co = hr x sv (and bp = co x tpr) Decrease ventricular filling pressure (act on blood volume) Interfere with the activity of systems that produce constricition of blood vessels (sympathetic system) Kidney increase salt and water loss, decrease blood volum.
