SCI227 Lecture Notes - Lecture 19: Blood Sugar, Hyperglycemia, Alpha Cell
Document Summary
Hormones that affect blood sugar: there are 4 , insulin - increases blood sugar, glucagon - lowers blood sugar, cortisol - increases blood sugar, epinephrine - lowers blood sugar. Glands that affect blood sugar: two different glands regulate blood sugar levels in the body, pancreas (insulin & glucagon, adrenals (cortisol & epinephrine, pancreas, the pancreas has two types of cells. The hormone producing cells: are called islets of langerhans, there are two types, beta cells, alpha cells, beta cells, release insulin after you eat. It causes cells to become more permeable to glucose. It also causes the liver to convert any extra glucose to glycogen: alpha cells, release glucagon between meals or when blood glucose are low. E. g. during exercise, or a skipped meal. It causes the liver to break down glycogen . Insulin and glucagon: antagonistic means that they work against each other or have the opposite. It is caused by too much insulin being produced.
