PSYCH257 Lecture Notes - Lecture 5: Major Depressive Episode, Neurotransmitter, Cognitive Therapy

• School: University of Waterloo
• Department: Psychology
• Course: PSYCH257
• Professor: annapolotskaia

Document Summary

Depressed mood most of the day, for at least 2 years. Presence of 2 or more of: poor appetite or overeating, insomnia or hypersomnia, low energy, low self esteem, poor concentration and decision making, feelings of hopelessness. During 2 year period, person has never been without symptoms for more than 2 months at a time. Irritability displayed as temper tantrums, outburst and occur frequently (more than 3 times a week) Biological factors: genetic influences, joint heritability of anxiety and depression, neurotransmitter systems, endocrine system, sleep and circadian rhythms. Social and cultural factors: marital relations, mood disorders in women, social support, cultural beliefs. Psychological factors: stressful life events, learned helplessness perceived absence of control, negative cognitive styles, depressive cognitive triad. Role of self criticism: fear of failure and rejection, avoidant coping, unrealistic demands of self. Outcomes: more vulnerable to severe and chronic forms, less responsive to treatment. Medication: trycyclic antidepressants, monoamine oxidase inhibitors (maoi, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (ssris)