KIN100 Lecture Notes - Lecture 1: Vertical Plane, Median Plane, Ulna
3 May 2018
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Department
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KIN 100: Limbs & Trunk – Lecture 0 - 1
Anatomical Position
• Body erect
• Face & eyes ahead
• Feet together
• Arms at sides w palms facing forward
Plane
Description
Picture
Sagittal
- Vertical plane dividing the body into
left/right
- Passes both through the midline (mid-
sagittal/medial plane) or parallel to the
midline
Coronal/Frontal
- Vertical plane dividing body into
anterior and posterior positions
Horizontal/Axial
- any plane dividing body into
upper/lower parts
Transverse
- plane perpendicular to the long axis of a
structure
- same as horizontal plane if long axis of
structure is vertical
Directional Terms
Superior (Cephalic, Cranial) toards the head aoe
Inferior (Caudal) aa fro head, toards loer part of struture elo
Anterior (Ventral) front of the body
Posterior (Dorsal) back of the body
Lateral away from midline
Medial towards midline
Median midline
Superficial towards the surface of body
Deep (Internal) away from body surface
External outside (referring to hollow organ/cavity)
Internal inside
Proximal close to trunk
Distal far from trunk
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KIN 100: Limbs & Trunk – Lecture 0 - 1
Axial Skeleton
Head
Skull Bones
Neck/ Back
Vertebral Column
Thorax
Sternum
Ribs
Appendicular Skeleton
Shoulder
Scapula
Clavicle
Arm (brachium)
Humerus
Forearm (antebrachium)
Radius
Ulna
Hand
Carpals (wrist) – 8 small bones
Metacarpals – 5 small bones
Phalanges – 14 small bones
Gluteal
Hip Bone
Thigh
Femur
Kneecap
Patella
Leg
Tibia
Fibula
Foot
Tarsals (ankle) – 7 small bones
Metatarsals – 5 small bones
Phalanges – 14 small bones
Movement at Joints
Flexion bending/decreasing angle between bones/ parts of body
For most joints (elbow), movement is seen in anterior direction
For the knee involves posterior movement
Lateral movement of trunk to the left/right to decrease angle between it and the corresponding thigh
Forward bending trunk forward
Horizontal adduction/flexion movement of upper limb in horizontal plane (medially & forward) towards midline of
body
Extension straightening/increasing angle
Occurring mostly in posterior direction
Horizontal abduction/extension movement of upper limb in horizontal plane (outward & backward) away from
midline of body
Hyperextension addition extension
Dorsiflexion flexion at ankle joint
Plantarflexion bends foot & toes towards the ground
Abduction generally occurs in frontal plan around anteroposterior axis
Movement in coronal plane of body away from the midline
Fingers: movement in coronal plane away from stationary axis through the long axis of the middle fingers
Thumb: movement in sagittal plane forward or away from palm
Toes: movement in horizontal plan away from stationary axis through the long axis of the 2nd toe
Wrist: (called radial deviation), movement of hand toward radius
Diagonal Abduction movement of limb through diagonal plane away from midline
Back crawl in swimming
Adduction Moving towards median plane
Fingers: movement in coronal plane towards stationary axis through the long axis of the middle fingers
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
Document Summary
Anatomical position: body erect, face & eyes ahead, feet together, arms at sides w palms facing forward. Vertical plane dividing the body into left/right. Passes both through the midline (mid- sagittal/medial plane) or parallel to the midline. Vertical plane dividing body into anterior and posterior positions any plane dividing body into upper/lower parts. Plane perpendicular to the long axis of a structure same as horizontal plane if long axis of structure is vertical. Superior (cephalic, cranial) to(cid:449)ards the head (cid:862)a(cid:271)o(cid:448)e(cid:863) Inferior (caudal) a(cid:449)a(cid:455) fro(cid:373) head, to(cid:449)ards lo(cid:449)er part of stru(cid:272)ture (cid:862)(cid:271)elo(cid:449)(cid:863) Flexion bending/decreasing angle between bones/ parts of body. For most joints (elbow), movement is seen in anterior direction. Lateral movement of trunk to the left/right to decrease angle between it and the corresponding thigh. Horizontal adduction/flexion movement of upper limb in horizontal plane (medially & forward) towards midline of body. Horizontal abduction/extension movement of upper limb in horizontal plane (outward & backward) away from midline of body.
