BIOL355 Lecture Notes - Lecture 31: Hyaline Cartilage, Rheumatoid Arthritis, Lumbar Vertebrae
27 Aug 2019
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Document Summary
If progresses, cartilage fully lost and exposes bone surface, and bone will rub against bone: new outgrowths of bone produced in response (bony spurs, growth of bone into synovial cavity, limits joint movement, pain, stiffness. White blood (immune) cells attack the synovial surface. Joint swells (severe pain upon movement) . Inflamed synovial membrane thickens into a pannus scar tissue and granulation tissue which consists of capillaries and fibroblasts: the pannus grows over the hyaline cartilage. Cells of pannus release enzymes that destroy both cartilage and ends of bone: pannus may eventually grow into the synovial cavity. Pannus growth can become so extensive it affects the ligaments. Movement of the joint is severely affected: pannus can become calcified, bones of the joint may fuse together, results in a completely immobile joint, risk factors, sex. Women are more likely to develop rheumatoid: age. Rheumatoid arthritis can occur at any age, but it most commonly begins between the ages of 40 and 60.
