BIOL240 Lecture Notes - Lecture 3: Ignicoccus, Alpha Helix, Candidate Division

• School: University of Waterloo
• Department: Biology
• Course: BIOL240
• Professor: Josh Neufeld

Document Summary

A(cid:396)(cid:272)haea (cid:862)look(cid:863) like (cid:271)a(cid:272)te(cid:396)ia, ge(cid:374)eti(cid:272) a(cid:374)alyses sho(cid:449) the(cid:373) to (cid:271)e diffe(cid:396)e(cid:374)t. Many live in some of the most inhospitable places (for humans) on earth. Co(cid:373)pa(cid:396)iso(cid:374)s of (cid:396)rna ge(cid:374)e se(cid:395)ue(cid:374)(cid:272)es (cid:272)a(cid:374) esta(cid:271)lish phyloge(cid:374)eti(cid:272) (cid:862)t(cid:396)ees(cid:863) Woese and fox began these studies in the 1970s. Archaea and eukarya may have branched off from bacteria. De(cid:448)elop(cid:373)e(cid:374)t of histo(cid:374)es (cid:373)ay ha(cid:448)e (cid:271)ee(cid:374) a(cid:374) ea(cid:396)ly (cid:862)(cid:271)(cid:396)a(cid:374)(cid:272)h poi(cid:374)t e(cid:448)e(cid:374)t(cid:863) Size is usually 0. 5 5 um in diameter can vary greatly. Shapes of archaeal cells: rods, cocci, spirals (similar to bacteria, irregular shapes (sulfolobus spp, rectangular shapes (thermoproteus spp, squares (haloquadratum walsbyi) Inclusion bodies (e. g gas vacuoles) have been observed in some species. Single circular chromosomes and lack a membrane-bound nucleus. Ma(cid:374)y of the dna (cid:396)epli(cid:272)atio(cid:374) e(cid:374)zy(cid:373)es of a(cid:396)(cid:272)haea (cid:862)look(cid:863) like those of euka(cid:396)ya. De(cid:448)elop(cid:373)e(cid:374)t of histo(cid:374)es (cid:373)ay ha(cid:448)e (cid:271)ee(cid:374) a(cid:374) ea(cid:396)ly (cid:862)(cid:271)(cid:396)a(cid:374)(cid:272)h poi(cid:374)t e(cid:448)e(cid:374)t(cid:863) i(cid:374) the e(cid:448)olutio(cid:374) of archaea and eukarya. Histones form structures that dna wraps around (different in archaea from eukarya)