BIOL130 Lecture 5: Unit 2b Macromolecules.docx
27 Feb 2015
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Document Summary
Carry out activities of a cell and provide structure of cell. Monomers between 4 are different, chemical reactions to make chains are similar (condenation reactions: joining of 2 molecules with pop out of h2o, opposite of. Purpose of proteins (6: enzymes: catalysis, accelerate chemical reactions, transport: through cell membranes, support: cytoskeleton, cartilage, hair, nails, signaling/regulatory: hormones, membrane proteins, intracellular messengers, movement: of cell itself, contracting, flagella, motor proteins, defense: antibodies, complement proteins. Amino acids are connected in linear polymer of a specific sequence. 20 genetically encoded amino acid monomers to pick from. Folded and coiled into a specific conformation = protein. Functional protein: 2+ peptide chains combine to form a mature protein. Amino acid: amino group + carboxyl group + r-variant side chain. At ph 7, amino and carboxyl group are ionized (positive on amino, negative on carboxyl group) Ionization increases solubility = interactions with each other & solutes. Zwitterions: have positive and negative charges = soluble.
