AFM291 Lecture Notes - Lecture 4: Effective Interest Rate, Interest, Net Present Value

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Timeline: a linear representation of the timing of potential cash flows. Inflows are positive cash flows: outflows are negative cash flows, which are indicated with a (minus) sign. Perpetuity: when a constant cash flow will occur at regular intervals forever it is called a perpetuity. Annuities: when a constant cash flow will occur at regular intervals for a finite number of n periods, it is called an annuity. Or, you can use the excel functions for annuity: Growing perpetuity: assume you expect the amount of your perpetual payment to increase at a constant rate, g. (you can apply this formula only of the cash flow pattern is as shown in the above timeline: ) Growing annuity: (there are no direct excel functions for growing annuity) Internal rate of return (irr): the interest rate that sets the net present value of the cash flows equal to zero. => ytm is an irr specific for bonds.

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