KIN 231.3 Lecture Notes - Lecture 12: Determinism, Motivation, Cognitive Evaluation Theory
Models of Motivation – TTM/TPB/SCT/AGT/SDT KIN 231
FEB 13, 15, 27/18
Trans-Theoretical Model (TTM)
Stages model - b’ changes in a process whereby individuals move through a series of changes
(ex- quitting smoking)
Assumptions
-No single theory that can explain behaviour
-Behaviour change takes time- moves through stages
-Stages are stable but open to change (move to a different stage)
-Process specific to stages
Pre-contemplation
-Have no intention to start taking action in the next 6mnths
-Characteristics- uninformed/misinformed, demoralization (you’ve tried and
failed), denial
Contemplation
-Intend to take action in the next 6mths
Preparation
-Getting ready to take action in the next 30days
Action
-Behaviour change that is consistent for less than 6mths
Maintenance
-Has changed behaviour for an extended time more than 6mths
Confidence
-Not confident to very confident (Confidence leads to change – especially between
preparation and action stage)
Decisional balance
-pros vs cons of changing
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Models of Motivation – TTM/TPB/SCT/AGT/SDT KIN 231
FEB 13, 15, 27/18
Experiential processes (how you experience it) vs behavioural processes (things you will do in
your environment to help you)
-Experiential – individuals awareness of themselves and their exercise behaviour
-Behavioural – behaviours undertaken to change aspects of the environmental that may
affect being active
Research
-In general, TTM-based PA interventions increase PA
However,
-Matched vs non-matched interventions to promote PA did not differ
-Limited ability to understand + promote exercise for fitness club participants over 1 yr
Application
-Considerable appeal
-Includes guidelines at each stage
-Provides messages specific to motivation to act
-Need for more research
Theory of Planned B’ (TPB)
-Largest determinant of b’ I intention (intent to be active)
-Personal + social factors influence intention
-To predict intention, need to understand attitudes (+ve or -ve attitude towards subjective
norms, + perceived behavioural control
Attitudes
-If you have a +ve attitude towards omething, you are most likely to do. If you value
something + think its important to you, most likely to do it
Subjective norms
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find more resources at oneclass.com
Models of Motivation – TTM/TPB/SCT/AGT/SDT KIN 231
FEB 13, 15, 27/18
-Pressure you feel from others to do something. If you friends all do something you will
be pressured to do it also
Perceived behavioural control (PBC)
-do i perceive i have control in this situation to pull this off?
If you perceive you have control, you intend to do it. Divided into two parts: resources
and opportunities. Resources is asking yourself if you can do this. Opportunities can be
created in the right situations. If you perceive you have the resources and opportunities
the intent will be there.
Research
-attitude + PBC strong correlates of exercise intention
-attitude a slightly stronger predictor of intention than PBC
-moderate rel’ship be/n intention + b’
I.e. January in the gym people go for a week or two, then back to where they were
before - sedentary
Application
-focus intervention on enhancing individual’s intention
-improve attitude by increasing knowledge of benefits – educate
-subjective norms – make activity the norm
-PBC – provide skills to deal w/barriers
From resources perspective, make sure you can actually do this. Self-regulation is a
control skill. If you feel you can’t regulate your life, you lose control
Social Cognitive Theory
-Human b’ is the result of the interaction be/self-beliefs + the enviro
-It is under the direct control of the individual (self-reflection + self-regulation)
-Self-reflection is like attribution theory – you think about whats happening
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
Document Summary
Stages model - b" changes in a process whereby individuals move through a series of changes (ex- quitting smoking) No single theory that can explain behaviour. Behaviour change takes time- moves through stages. Stages are stable but open to change (move to a different stage) Have no intention to start taking action in the next 6mnths. Characteristics- uninformed/misinformed, demoralization (you"ve tried and failed), denial. Intend to take action in the next 6mths. Getting ready to take action in the next 30days. Behaviour change that is consistent for less than 6mths. Has changed behaviour for an extended time more than 6mths. Not confident to very confident (confidence leads to change especially between preparation and action stage) Experiential processes (how you experience it) vs behavioural processes (things you will do in your environment to help you) Experiential individuals awareness of themselves and their exercise behaviour. Behavioural behaviours undertaken to change aspects of the environmental that may affect being active.
