ANBI 411.3 Lecture Notes - Lecture 12: Biological Determinism, Sexual Differentiation, Metabolomics
20 Jun 2018
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Lecture 12: Genetics and behavior
Genotype- genetic makeup of an individual
Phenotype- external expression of genotype
- physical and behavior phenotypes
- modified by environment
Environment- all things external to the genes: diet, climate, learning ect.
Heritability h2
- the proportion of phenotypic variation due to genetic causes
- the more it is an inheritance the closer it is to 1
inheritance of behavior
- evidence of behavior being inherited/intrinsic
- many examples: animals perform complex behaviors w/o learning
ofixed action patterns: bird calls, courtship displays, nest building in birds and
sows
obehavioral tendencies: breed characteristics in dogs
- individual behavioral differences inherited
ophysical phenotype and behavioral phenotype
oexample: dog breeds selected for behavioral traits
retrievers- retrieve, soft mouth
herding dogs- herding, “eye”
companion and toy breeds- passive, dependent
How do genes affect behavior?
- Genes control when and how proteins produced
- don't have a lot of evidence on how these traits are brought forward when dealing with
behavior
- changes to CNS
oduring development- expression of neurotoxic factors create neural pathways
(sexual differentiation)
oprotein synthesis- enzymes regulate synthesis of hormones and
neurotransmitters
within the genotype
will cause different levels of enzymes and hormones that will promote
different behaviors
oformation of receptors- modulate sensitivity
density of receptors
find more resources at oneclass.com
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Document Summary
Phenotype- external expression of genotype physical and behavior phenotypes. Environment- all things external to the genes: diet, climate, learning ect. Heritability h2 the proportion of phenotypic variation due to genetic causes the more it is an inheritance the closer it is to 1 inheritance of behavior evidence of behavior being inherited/intrinsic. Herding dogs- herding, eye companion and toy breeds- passive, dependent. Will cause different levels of enzymes and hormones that will promote different behaviors: formation of receptors- modulate sensitivity. Density of receptors epigenetic effects: upregulation, downregulation of rna transcription: there is an environmental influence on what is expressed in our genes advances in genetic and new genetic techniques, examples: Allow identification of multiple genes influencing complex traits. Will lead to advances in behavioral genetics. Metabolome analysis- characterize all metabolites in a single process. Pathway analysis characterizing metabolic pathways, in individuals you may see an emphasis on a certain metabolic pathway intermediate phenotypes- between genotype and phenotype.
