BIOL 2410 Lecture Notes - Lecture 1: Organelle, Axoplasmic Transport, Axon Hillock

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ceruleanwildebeest179

5 Mar 2018

School

University of Manitoba

Department

Biological Sciences

Course

BIOL 2410

Professor

Kevin Scott

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Document Summary

The brain is regarded as the seat of the soul: sets humans apart from other animals. Neuroscience: has a specialized language table 8. 1 synonyms in neuroscience. O r ga n i z a t i o n of the nervous syst em. > response sensory receptors throughout the body: monitors conditions in the internal and external environments, send information along sensory neurons to cns (integrating center for neural reflexes) Cns can initiate activity without sensory input. Cns doesn"t need to create a measurable output to the efferent divisions: ex: thinking and dreaming are complex higher-brain functions that can take place totally within the cns. Nervous system is composed of: neurons basic signaling units of the nervous system, glial cells support cells. Functional unit of the nervous system the neuron/nerve cell: functional unit the smallest structure that can carry out the functions of a system.

Related Questions

Nerve cells that conduct messages are called (1) ____. (2) _____ cells, which support and nurture the activities of neurons, make up less than half the volume of the nervous system. (3) _______ neurons respond to specific kinds of environmental stimuli, (4) ______ connect different neurons in the spinal cord and brain, and (5) ______ neurons are linked with muscles or glands. All neurons have a (6) _______ ________ that contains the nucleus and the metabolic means to carry out protein synthesis. (7) _______ are short, slender extensions of the (6), and together these two neuronal parts are the neuronsâ âinput zoneâ for receiving (8) _____. The (9) _____ is a single long, cylindrical extension away form the (10) ______; in motor neurons, the (11) ______ has finely branched (12) ________ that terminate on muscle or gland cells and are âoutput zones,â where messages are sent on to other cells. A neuron at rest establishes unequal electric charges across its plasma membrane, and a(n) (13) ____ ____ is maintained. Another name for (13) is the (14) _____ _____ _____; it represents an ability for the membrane to be disturbed. Weak disturbances of the neuronal membrane might set off only slight changes across a small patch, but strong disturbances can cause a(n) (15) _______ ______, which is an abrupt, short-lived reversal in the polarity of charge across the plasma membrane of the neuron. For a fraction of a second, the cytoplasmic side of a bit of membrane becomes positive with respect to the outside. The (16) ______ that travels along the neural membrane is nothing more than short-lived changes in the membrane potential. A. Neurons H. Sensory B. Motor I. Endings C. Interneurons J. Disturbance D. Cell body K. Signals (stimuli) E. Axon L. Voltage differential F. Dendrites M. Resting membrane potential G. Neuroglial N. Action potential

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BIOL 2410 Lecture Notes - Lecture 1: Organelle, Axoplasmic Transport, Axon Hillock

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