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BIOL 1410 Lecture Notes - Lecture 12: Umbilical Cord, Trophoblast, Amnion

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School
University of Manitoba
Department
Biological Sciences
Course
BIOL 1410
Professor
Diana Mlinar

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Document Summary

Figure 28. 3: pre-embryonic period = first 2 weeks, zygote (1 cell, diploid) Undergoes rapid mitotic divisions called cleavage divisions : morula (72 hours) Solid ball of 16-32 cells (cells called blastomeres) . Same size as ovum/zygote : blastocyst (5 days) features: , fluid filled cavity develops = blastocoel/blastocyst cavity, inner cell mass. Cells will divide and differentiate (undergo changes to become more specialized) to form the embryo : trophoblast (made of trophoblast cells) Cells will divide and differentiate to form chorion - provides nutrients to developing embryo . Blastocyst moves from uterine tube and attaches to endometrium of uterine wall . After implantation: inner cell mass forms a 2-layered (bilayered) embryonic disc composed of: : epiblast. Will undergo mitosis to form: : amnion with a fluid filled amniotic cavity, 3 germ layers of the embryo, hypoblast. Will undergo mitosis to form the yolk sac lomoar cpsd| 987298: embryonic period. 3rd week to end of the 8th week .

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Related Questions

  1. An organism with extensive yolk, such as the chick,

A) has incompletecleavage. D)forms a blastoderm but no blastocoel.

B) has yolk evenly distributed in the egg. E) has completecleavage.

C) fails to synthesize DNA duringcleavage.

  1. Invagination

A) occurs in sea urchins.

B) forms the archenteron in echinoderms.

C) creates unique positions for new cell interactions.

D) requires unique cell movement.

E) All of the above

  1. When the blastopore dorsal lip is grafted from one frog embryoonto a second embryo, the second dorsal lip will

A) change the developmental fate of the surrounding cells.

B) change the polarity of the adjacent segments.

C) cause rapid cell division.

D) block gastrulation.

E) change the prospective potency of the surrounding cells.

  1. Gastrulation in birds differs in many ways from gastrulation infrogs. The main feature that both have in common is that

A) the neural tube forms.

B) somites are created.

C) cells from the surface of the blastocyst migrate to form thegut.

D) three germ layers are established.

E) All of the above

  1. In humans, the secondary oocyte forms:
  1. at ovulation.
  2. during telophase I.
  3. after fertilization.
  4. at birth.
  5. all of the above.

  1. In Ascaris:
  1. The secondary oocyte is fertilized.
  2. Two polar bodies are visible when the secondary oocyte is inprophase II.
  3. Both a haploid and a diploid nucleus are present in a primaryoocyte during early prophase I.
  4. Cell plates are formed during both anaphase I and anaphaseII.
  5. No correct answer is given.
  1. A gastrula is:

a. an embryo that is younger than a blastula.

b. a stage in development that has three tissue layers.

c. a type of egg that has yolk concentrated at one end of thecell.

d. an opening in the center of an early embryo.

e. something else

  1. A human cell containing 22 autosomes and one Y chromosome isa

a. somatic cell of amale b. zygote

c. somatic cell of afemale d. a sperm e. an ovum

  1. The spermatogonium is ________ , and the primary spermatocyteis __________ .

a. diploid,haploid b. haploid, diploid

c. haploid,haploid d. diploid,diploid e. triploid, diploid

  1. The first cavity formed in the rapidly dividing starfish embryois the:

a. Blastoderm. b. Archenteron.

c. Neural groove. d. Blastocoel. e. Trophoblast.