SOC 1500 Lecture Notes - Lecture 3: Statistical Inference, Statistic, Statistical Parameter

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Introduction to inferential statistics: the logic of sampling and sampling distribution. Overview: basic logic and terminology of inferential statistics, random sampling, the sampling distribution. Basic logic and terminology of inferential statistics: population vs. Sample: parameter vs. statistic, representative and epsem. Population and samples: exa(cid:373)ple: let"s draw a sa(cid:373)ple of the stude(cid:374)ts i(cid:374) the class (cid:894)populatio(cid:374)(cid:895) Parameters and statistics: statistics are mathematical characteristics of a sample, parameters are mathematical characteristics of a population. Representative samples: to allow us to make inferences, sample must be representative of the population, how can we ensure a sample is representative, we draw samples according to the rules of epsem (equal probability of selection. Simple random sampling (srs: to draw a srs, we need, lis of population, a method of selecting cases from the population so that each case has an equal probability of being selected (epsem)

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