MCB 2050 Lecture Notes - Lecture 8: Protein Targeting, Alpha Helix, Citric Acid Cycle
3 Apr 2017
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Document Summary
No one can explain how mitochondria got its double membrane from er. No reason for the nucleus to split some genes to put in mito. Nucleus is the first organelle to arise. Mitochondrial ribosomes are structurally and genetically different from the nuclear ones. Fission (splitting) and fusion (combining) can occur. The balance between them can be altered. In response to environmental stimuli, developmental status, energy requirements. Fission occurs at the end of g1 (before cell division), and during apoptosis. Fission uses gtp and dynamin related proteins to split the mito. Fusion is more complicated where fusion of om occur first, followed by the fusion of im. Increases sa for biochemical activities (atp synthesis) Forms cristae that extends into the interior. High concentration of protons in ims since im is they cannot pass through the im. Contains circular genome that varies between species in size, copy and gene number. 13 protein, 2 rrnas, 22 trnas in humans.
