HK 3401 Lecture Notes - Lecture 3: Cervical Vertebrae, Thoracic Vertebrae, Vertebral Artery
17 Sep 2016
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Cervical vertebrae: parts of the typical vertebrae: Body: small and wider from side to side than anteroposteriorly; superior surface is concave between adjacent processes; inferior surface is convex. Transverse processes: foramina transversaria; small or absent in c7; vertebral arteries and accompanying venous and sympathetic plexuses pass through foramina. Articular processes: superior facets directed superoposteriorly; inferior facets directed infero-anteriorly. Body: heart-shaped; bears one or two bilateral costal facets for articulation with head of rib (h) Vertebral foramen: circular and smaller than those in cervical and lumbar regions. Transverse process (tp): long and strong; extends posterolaterally; length diminishes from t1-t12; those of t1-t10 have transverse costal facets for articulation with tubercle. Articular processes: superior articular facets directed posteriorly and slightly laterally; inferior articular facets directed facets directed anteriorly and slightly medially. Spinous process (sp): long; slopes postern-inferiorly, overlapping subjacent vertebral body (sometimes completely) Body: massive; kidney-shaped when viewed superiorly; larger and heavier than those of other regions.
