HIST 1250 Lecture Notes - Equant, Stirrup, Plough
7 Dec 2013
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Document Summary
The museum of alexandria- centre of learning, research institution, supported by the state, full library, paid, no obligation to teach. Euclid (c. 300 bce) and geometry, studied in academy in athens, move to alexandria. Human dissections- alexandria, 3rd century bce, ruling dynasty powerful enough to violate taboos, something to gain from human dissection, vivisections of prisoners. Herophilus of chalcedon (c. 335-c. 280 bce)- anatomy. Describes the brain, the nervous system, the eye, the liver, the pancreas, the intestines, the reproductive organs, and the heart. Erasistratus of chios (c. 250 bce)- physiology. Food->stomach->juice->intestines and liver->blood is sent all over the body through the veins. Veins: blood (produced by the intestines and liver) Nerves: psychic pneuma (produced by the brain) City that has been growing in importance since 6th century bce. 509 bce rome becomes a republic and doubles as a military state, begins to conquer. Fertile plains for farming, easy to travel.
