BIOM 2000 Lecture Notes - Lecture 24: Short-Chain Fatty Acid, Intestinal Villus, Pancreatic Lipase Family
16 Mar 2016
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Document Summary
Chemical digestion is carried out by digestive enzymes; the major classifications are discussed in the following slides. Starch ---- disaccharides (broken down by amylases) ---- monosaccharides (broken down by brush border enzymes) Because lipids aren"t water soluble, there are problems with digestion. Enzymes in solution have only limited access to the molecules of insoluble lipids. Bile salts help lipid digestion by emulsifying lipids they are broke into small droplets; this has the affect of greatly enhancing access of the lipases to lipid molecules. Lipases that digest triglycerides and phospholipids are only present in pancreatic juices; therefore lipid digestion can only occur in the small intestine. Triglycerides/phospholipids --- (broken down by pancreatic lipase) to monoglycerides/fatty acids/glycerol. Protein digestion by proteases produces large polypeptides. Digestion of these large polypeptides by polypeptidases produces small amino acid chains. Peptides are digested by peptidases into amino acids.
