BIOC 3560 Lecture Notes - Lecture 12: Rate Limiting, Metabolic Pathway, Carbohydrate Metabolism

• School: University of Guelph
• Department: Biochemistry
• Course: BIOC 3560
• Professor: Manfred Brauer

Document Summary

Metabolism: concepts: metabolism is the sum of chemical transformations, metabolic pathways involve enzymes, catabolism: degradation of biomolecules (makes energy) (converging, anabolism: synthesis of biomolecules (uses energy) (diverging) How are enzymes regulated: transcription: slow: dna response elements (re) in dna and transcription factors 1-3 days, allosteric regulation: very fast, non-covalent. The regulator binds and releases very quickly: covalent modification: fast, takes only seconds, association with regulatory proteins: medium to fast (seconds to minutes). Glycolysis: consume glucose to make energy as atp (mostly in brain and muscle) Glugoneogensis: make glucose for the brain, muscle etc. mostly in the liver. 3 big energy drops major control points: glucose to glucose 6 phosphate (the hexokinase, irreversible, fructose 6 phosphate to fructose 1 6 bisphosphate (phosphofructokinase 1, phosphoenolpyruvate (pyruvate kinase) Phosphofructokinase-1: non-covalent, under complex allosteric regulation, action of pfk-1 commits fructose 6-phosphate to glycolysis (it phosphorylates it) Fructose 6-phosphate can go into other pathways like pentose phosphate pathway.