BIOC 2580 Lecture Notes - Lecture 9: Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide Phosphate, Nicotinamide, Pyrimidine
21 Oct 2016
School
Department
Course
Professor
Document Summary
2) (energy currency) coenzyme a acids (e. g. , acetic acid) 2) sulfate (-so3 methyl (-ch3) methyl (-ch3), methylene (-ch2-) Some enzymes require help from chemical compounds (cofactors) to carry out their functions. Inorganic ions = fe2+, mg2+, mn2+, zn2+, cu2+ This reduces them and conserves the energy of oxidation. Oxidized form of cofactor is the one who removes the e- to be accepted by reduced cofactor. Act as transient carriers of specific functional groups. Used to phosphorylate many types of molecules (sugars, lipids, proteins) * glucose atp cofactor adp uses hexokinase to catalyze. Nad+, nadp+, fad, fmn = electron acceptors (carriers) Enzymes carrying out oxidation rely on these cofactors to act as e- acceptors. Electrons that are removed from substrates and are transferred to these cofactors. Nicotinamide moiety of nad+ and nadp+ is derived from the vitamin niacin(83) w/out nicotinamide cannot process the reaction (recognize, but do not need to reproduce this structure) nicotinamide.
