ANSC 2330 Lecture Notes - Lecture 16: Soft Palate, Intercostal Muscle, Citric Acid Cycle
4 Dec 2017
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Document Summary
Cells: out waste (urea) & co2. Respiration: an exchange of gasses (primarily oxygen o2 and carbon dioxide co2) between an animal and its environment. Pharynx: to breathe epiglottis covers soft palate, to swallow epiglottis covers trachea. Gross anatomy of the lungs: trachea, bronchus (bronchi, bronchiole (<1mm, alveolus. Gas exchange in the lungs: o2 goes into red blood cell, co2 leaves red blood cell. Diaphragm: most important respiratory component, relaxed dome shaped, contracting flattened. Intercostal muscles helps expand the thoracic cavity: breathing in, diaphragm contracts. Intercostal muscles contract: chest cavity increases in volume, breathing out, diaphragm relaxes. Intercostal muscles relax: chest cavity reduces in volume. Locomotory respiratory coupling: guts move back and forth as they run, couple the contraction and relaxation to work with the movement of the viscera. Inhalation: visceral piston to the rear, cranio-cervical pendulum = up, exhalation, visceral piston to the front, cranio-cervical pendulum = down. 12 breaths/minute: exercise up to 120 breaths/minute.
