ANSC 2330 Lecture Notes - Lecture 4: Osteoid, Muscle Tissue, Humerus
4 Dec 2017
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Lecture 4 equine anatomy/physiology musculoskeletal system 1. Skeletal structure: roles of skeletal system/bones, structure, protection, movement/support, storage, blood cell production. Skeletal structure: types of bones: structural classification 4 types, long bones (e. g. humerus) supporting columns and levers, short bones (e. g. bones in the knee) shock absorbers, flat bones (e. g. ribs, skull) protection. Types of bones: histological classification: 2 types, spongy (cancellous/trabecular) bone, slender irregular bars that branch and unite to form a network, associated with bone marrow and rbc synthesis, compact or cortical (dense) bone, solid except for microscopic spaces. Important cells in bone formation/maintenance: osteoblasts lay down bone in extracellular matrix, osteoid primarily collagen, mineral ca/o, osteroclasts dissolve bone. Articular cartilage where 2 bones meet, role is to protect the bones (prevent friction and preventing crushing of the end of the bone) Skeletal structure: long bone growth - age of epiphyseal closure of limb bones in horses, radius/ulna 42 months, tibia/fibula 42 months, cannon 18 months, phalynx 12 months.
