PHIL 259 Lecture Notes - Lecture 3: Agathon, Pederasty In Ancient Greece, Practical Reason
16 Jan 2017
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Forms are mind-independent ideals: platonic idealism these abstract objects/ideas exist regardless of human minds, they are the source of reality & knowledge. Beyond the changing material world is a perfect, unchanging reality. The unchanging perfect essence, which physical objects instantiate imperfectly, are the forms. There must be some common quality, independent from the acts and objects. Metaphysically = most real, giving existence to all we perceive; exist independent of us. Epistemically = the source of our knowledge. Imperceptible = we cannot sense them; the philosopher comes to know them through reason. The cave allegory distinguishes appearance and reality, imperfect and perfect knowledge. Socrates (470 399 b. c. e: the gadfly of athens", teacher of plato (428 348 b. c. e), author of the symposium, i know nothing oracle at delphi, virtue is knowledge . 1: tried for not believing in the gods of athens and corrupting the youth (incl. Open, asymmetrical sexual relationships b/w older men & younger man (or boy)
