NURS 203 Lecture Notes - Calcium Oxalate, Ethylene Glycol, Nephron
Document Summary
The first thing that disappears in renal failure is the ability of the kidney to concentrate urine. This occurs before cr/bun think about increasing, or even having renal tubular casts. Example: taking urine in the morning and doing the specific gravity of the urine and seeing what it is. B/c, specific gravity can tell you if it is concentrated or dilute urine. If the specific gravity is greater than 1. 023, this means that the pt is concentrating urine and that the kidneys are absolutely normal (this is a cheap test). The urine that should be concentrated is from a pt that is sleeping overnight. Hyaline cast cast of a protein; mostly b9/harmless (all other casts have pathological significance). Uric acid crystal looks like a star; ph of the urine has to be acidic to form a uric acid crystal. By blocking bicarbonate reclamation will alkalinize the urine, and prevent stones from forming.
