NURS 201 Lecture Notes - Lecture 20: Bicuspid Aortic Valve, Pulmonic Stenosis, Tricuspid Valve Stenosis
28 Apr 2013
School
Department
Course
Professor
Document Summary
Valvular stenosis refers to a constriction or narrowing of the valve opening. Valvular regurgitation (also called valvular incompetence or insufficiency) occurs with incomplete closure of the valve leaflets and results in the backward flow of blood. Adult mitral valve stenosis results from rheumatic heart disease. Less commonly, it can occur congenitally, from rheumatoid arthritis and from systemic lupus erythematosus. Clinical manifestations of mitral stenosis include exertional dyspnea, fatigue, palpitations from atrial fibrillation, and a loud first heart sound and a low-pitched, rumbling diastolic murmur. Mitral regurgitation (mr) is caused by mi, chronic rheumatic heart disease, mitral valve prolapse, ischemic papillary muscle dysfunction, and ie. In chronic mr, the additional volume load results in atrial enlargement, ventricular dilation, and eventual ventricular hypertrophy. In acute mr, there is a sudden increase in pressure and volume that is transmitted to the pulmonary bed, resulting in pulmonary edema and life-threatening shock.
