KNES 260 Lecture 21: 03/06/17
10 Mar 2017
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Document Summary
Endocrine cells are the pancreatic islets of langerhans. Triggers gluconeogenesis, glycogenolysis (breakdown of glycogen), and ketogenesis (formation of ketones in case brain needs fuel when extremely low on sugar) If too much ketogenesis occurs then ketoacidosis occurs and can have nasty side effects. Main controller during post-absorptive eating states (4+ hours after eating, moving nutrients out of storage and cells) Triggers glycogen formation in muscle and liver. Promotes cellular uptake of glucose, fatty acids, and amino acids. Main controller during absorptive eating states (3-4 hours after eating, moving nutrients into storage and cells) Not both at once, whichever isn"t needed at the moment. Can be a genetic inability to make insulin or it can be caused by a poor diet over a lifetime. Type i is low insulin aka insulin dependent diabetes aka juvenile diabetes. Affects people before the age of 25. Requires daily injections of insulin, diet control, and blood monitoring. Type ii is a low insulin response.
