BCEM 393 Lecture Notes - Lecture 3: Peptide, Hydrolysis, C-Terminus
Peptides
Peptide bond
- Dehydration forms peptide bond (amide) to link amino acids together
- The alpha amino and alpha carboxyl groups are destroyed
- Dehydration requires energy (from GTP) in the cell
- The equilibrium lies on the side of hydrolysis, but peptide bonds are kinetically, but not
thermodynamically, stable
- An oligopeptide is one made of less than or equal to 10 residues (amino acids)
- Polypeptides are made up of more than 10 residues
- The chain in a polypeptide has directionality — written from the amino terminal (N-
terminus) to the carboxyl terminal (C-terminus)
Proteins
- A protein is a usually folded polypeptide with 50 or more amino acid residues
- The average weight for an amino acid residue is 115 g/mol, thus, a protein with 50 residues
has a molecular weight of ~5750 g/mol
- Primary structure is the linear sequence of amino acids (residues) polymer formed by linking
amino acid residues with peptide bonds for a particular protein
- Written from N-terminus to C-terminus
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Document Summary
Dehydration forms peptide bond (amide) to link amino acids together. The alpha amino and alpha carboxyl groups are destroyed. Dehydration requires energy (from gtp) in the cell. The equilibrium lies on the side of hydrolysis, but peptide bonds are kinetically, but not thermodynamically, stable. An oligopeptide is one made of less than or equal to 10 residues (amino acids) Polypeptides are made up of more than 10 residues. The chain in a polypeptide has directionality written from the amino terminal (n- terminus) to the carboxyl terminal (c-terminus) A protein is a usually folded polypeptide with 50 or more amino acid residues. The average weight for an amino acid residue is 115 g/mol, thus, a protein with 50 residues has a molecular weight of ~5750 g/mol. Primary structure is the linear sequence of amino acids (residues) polymer formed by linking amino acid residues with peptide bonds for a particular protein.