POL S101 Lecture Notes - Lecture 3: Nicomachean Ethics, Liberal Democracy, Peloponnesian War
18 Apr 2016
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Key concepts: democracy, plato"s cave, liberal revolution, liberal democracy, state of nature, natural right, law of nature, prosperity right, consent of the governed, harm principle. Ancient greece was comprised of a series of city states/polis (athens) Starting around the 5th century bc, athens was ruled democratically. Democracy: a form of government whereby the people are governed according to the rules they themselves decide on. While the greek population made up more than 300,000 people, only 40,000 were citizens. Following its defeat in the peloponnesian wars, athens was ruled by oligarchs called the 30. The republic: one of the most famous works on political thought. To define justice, plato develops his city/soul analogy, and subsequently his city of words (kallipolis/ ideal city) The idea that prisoners have be trapped in a cave their whole lives and left to see only shadows that are projected on a wall. They see this as their whole lives, their reality.
