NUTR100 Lecture Notes - Lecture 14: Bone Density, Grape, Vitamin K
13 Jun 2018
School
Department
Course
Professor
Chapter 9 Part 2
o Vitamin E (Tocopherol): eight forms
▪ Alpha-tocopherol most abundant, bound to a transport protein that is
liver protein (type used in supplements)
▪ Depends on normal fat absorption
▪ Some is broken down, most taken to liver
▪ Antioxidant properties
▪ Once absorbed incorporated into chylomicrons, to the liver to VLDL to
the body
▪ Vitamin protects membranes, red blood cells particularly susceptible
▪ Deficiency rare unless inborn error of Vitamin E metabolism
• In newborns might result in hemolytic anemia, (red blood cells
rupture)
▪ Found in plant oils, leaves and seeds, soy bean, corn, wheat germ
▪ Sensitive to destruction by oxygen, metals and heat, some is lost from
cooking and storage
▪ After vitamin E neutralizes free radicals, it can be restored
• Vit C and E work together to restore its antioxidant properties
▪ Can also defend cells from damage of heavy metals, and environmental
pollutants, can reduce risk of heart disease
▪ Toxicity: Vit E is widely promoted for hair growth, sexual potency and
fertility
• Best evidence linked to reduced cardiovascular disease, not
enough to recommend
• May prevent cancer, trials are unclear
o Vitamin K(named for koagulation)
▪ Phyllooquinone: form found in plants, primary in diet
▪ Menaquinones: fish oils and meats, synthesized, found in supplements
▪ Needed for blood clotting factors(proteins that circulate in blood in
inactive form, when activated form fibrin,
▪ Several vitamin K proteins for bone, low bone mineral density when low
vit K
▪ Deficiency very rare
• Abnormal blood coagulation is major symptom of vit K deficiency
• People on blood thinning drugs need to be aware of vit K intake
▪ Toxicity: anemia and brain damage in infants
o Phytochemicals:
▪ Functional food: health benefits beyond basic nutrition,
• Physiological benefits, decrease risk of chronic disease
• Grape juice has polyphenols: improves cardiovascular health
▪ Phytochemical: health promoting substances found in plant foods
• May have health promoting properties
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
