MUSIC102 Lecture Notes - Lecture 19: One Note Samba, Astrud Gilberto, Cognitive Dissonance
27 Jun 2018
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Oct. 16/17
TEST REVIEW:
- Recommended to do listening and reading before class
- Have an understanding
- If you have the recordings in your mind, it’s easier to remember
BRAZILIAN SAMBA
- Portuguese arrived in Brazil ~1500, Spain and Portugal had divided up South America
- Will learn how Samba is part of the global spectacle but also the community music out of
the slums (lowest of the lows, socially and economically)
- Descendants of the African slaves
- Resilience of African-American music
- Brazil: Bahia (province), Rio (province)
- Bahia is largest afro-Brazilian state
- The area around the old capital of Brazil (Salvador)
- Slavery had long been a part of Portuguese culture
- 3-4 million enslaved Africans in Brazil alone
- Slaves vs. enslaved people: using the adjective enslaved, we grant these
individuals an identity as people and use a term to describe their position
in society rather than reducing them to that position
- Indigenous peoples were wiped out by diseases
- 1822: Brazilian independence
- 1888: Slavery abolished
- “Oxia” (?): goddesses and gods of west African beliefs that came over with the enslaved
people that became a part of the society
- Disguised them with a saint in Catholicism
- Candomble: An African-based religion practiced in Brazil, and merged with
Catholicism to escape detection
- Samba de roda is a type of circle dance, accompanied by drumming
- Part of Candomble tradition
- Notice: circle round dance (same type of musical/social engagement/interaction
as Tamboo Bamboo)
- Carnaval
- Normal expectations being subverted
- Used to be that Carnaval was a place for people to celebrate, have a couple of
days off
- [Escola de samba] Samba schools (community groups) were developed in
poorest Afro-Brazilian communities in the city (from reading)
- Community organizations that were formed to put on Carnival
performances and play music
- Big parades in the city; samba schools banned from participating
- Changed because of a President/dictator who decided that Carnaval
could be a time of unity between all the ethnic groups
- BUT: floats had to be about national history
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
- Samba batucada is a type of percussive dance music used during carnival
festivities and dances
- Also a modern percussion genre that has gone global
- The Big 5
- Caixa: snare drum, plays complicated syncopated rhythm
- Surdo: 3 different bass drums, play main beats
- Repinique: high-pitched subdivision of beat
- Together, they make the samba batucada drum section
- May also be called batería
- Donga was the first samba songwriter
- Ex: “Pelo Telefone” (1916)
- What do you hear: (next class)
- What to hear: (next class)
- Tia Caita (1854-1924)
- Born into slavery, a Candomble priestess
- Candomble practitioner who moved from Bahia to Rio
- Her house was where musicians came and found each other
- Pelo Telefone was recorded in her house
- Had dignity and pride that was part of the tradition of Candomble/Samba Schools
Oct. 18/17
BOSSA NOVA
- Podcast from NPR show, Rough Translation: Brazil in Black and White
- Review of Candomble (see above for definition)
- Donga: First samba songwriter
- Ex: “Pele Telefone” (1916), widely understood as the first samba song
- Recorded in the house of Tia Caita. You can hear the communal
gathering that was held at her house in the recording
- What do you hear:
- Voice of Donga: “This Samba Carnavalesco was recorded by the
Bahians and the choir for the house of Edison - Río de Janeiro”
(Casa Edison was the name of the first recording company in
Brazil)
- What to hear: Sounds like a pop song: short, introduction, transitions,
instrumental breaks
- Verse | chorus (verse: solo) (chorus: call and response [not
exactly, but it’s participatory])
- Instruments: strings and winds, with bass (no need to know
specifics)
- Percussion? No.
- Strings and winds were traditional Portuguese instruments
- Mixing of musical cultures: afro-Brazilian, Portuguese
- Donga went to obtain a copyright, which ended in a legal dispute between
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
Document Summary
Recommended to do listening and reading before class. If you have the recordings in your mind, it"s easier to remember. Portuguese arrived in brazil ~1500, spain and portugal had divided up south america. Will learn how samba is part of the global spectacle but also the community music out of the slums (lowest of the lows, socially and economically) The area around the old capital of brazil (salvador) Slavery had long been a part of portuguese culture. Slaves vs. enslaved people: using the adjective enslaved, we grant these individuals an identity as people and use a term to describe their position in society rather than reducing them to that position. ): goddesses and gods of west african beliefs that came over with the enslaved people that became a part of the society. Disguised them with a saint in catholicism. Candomble: an african-based religion practiced in brazil, and merged with.
