BIOL108 Lecture Notes - Lecture 1: Willi Hennig, Carl Linnaeus, Gull

• School: University of Alberta
• Department: Biology (Biological Sciences)
• Course: BIOL108
• Professor: Heather Proctor

Document Summary

Etymology: study of word origins: etymos = true sense, logos = word. International code of zoological nomenclature i: set of rules for zoological nomenclature put out in 1905. Since 1960: focus has switched from adding new taxa to methods for determining relatedness among taxa. Taxonomy: the practice (theory) of classifying organisms: taxo = arrange, nomos = knowledge of. Systematics: the theory (practice) of classifying organisms; used to contract phylogenies. Nomenclature: a system of rules for naming things: nomen = name. Ethnotaxonomy: examines how different cultures classify plants and animals. Ethnotaxonomy may lump hundreds of useless organisms by the same name. Problem with common names: differ among languages/regions/countries, common names for different species, common name may imply relationships do not exist. Order, family, genus, species: a higher taxonomic category, domain, has been instituted to recognize most basic divisions of life; (archea, bacteria, eukaryota) Genus and specific epithet always italicized: i. e. homo sapiens.