BIOL108 Lecture Notes - Lecture 11: Phagocytosis, Chlorophyll, Eukaryote

• School: University of Alberta
• Department: Biology (Biological Sciences)
• Course: BIOL108
• Professor: Lien Luong

Document Summary

Symbiotic relationships: members of two species live in close, often obligatory, contact with each other. If it is inside the host organism, it is called endosymbiotic. Photosynthetic cyanobacteria: use sun"s energy to split water into hydrogen and oxygen. Dna in linear chromosomes in membrane bound nucleus for eukarya. They have membrane-bound organelles such a mitochondria and chloroplasts. They are often larger than prokaryotes and have a well-developed cytoskeleton. Origin of eukaryotic cells: infoldings of cell membrane; endoplasmic reticulum and the nuclear envelope. Ancestral host cell took an endosymbiotic aerobic heterotrophic prokaryote. It uses oxygen and organic matter to produce energy. Other lineages engulfed photosynthetic prokaryotes: most likely cyanobacteria and they use light and carbon dioxide to make organic compounds. Mitochondria and chloroplasts: they are self-replicating through binary ssion. They have their own set of dna, which is circular. They have 2 cell membrane layers, the inner one is homologous to the plasma membrane of the prokaryote.