BIOL107 Lecture Notes - Lecture 4: Red Blood Cell, Lipid Bilayer, Glucose Transporter

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pinkworm218

17 Oct 2017

School

University of Alberta

Department

Biology (Biological Sciences)

Course

BIOL107

Professor

michaelharrington

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BIOL107 Full Course Notes

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Purpose of a red blood cell takes in oxygen when it arrives at the lung and releases oxygen into (cid:373)us(cid:272)les a(cid:374)d orga(cid:374)s. the (cid:862)food(cid:863) of red (cid:271)lood (cid:272)ells is glu(cid:272)ose a(cid:374)d its (cid:449)aste produ(cid:272)t is la(cid:272)tate. They do not change shapes for transporting solutes. They operate faster than passive transporters: passive transporters (carrier proteins) for monomers, they change their shapes by themselves. Can be used for import or export. (e. g. human glucose transporter import glucose from high to low concentration). Examples: a signal is sent to pancreatic cell for the release of insulin into circulatory system, goblet cells release mucus into small intestine. Whenever goblet cells release mucus, another vesicle (membrane through pinocytosis) need to form in order to balance exocytosis. Endocytosis (cid:272)ell (cid:862)eats(cid:863) o(cid:271)je(cid:272)ts: phagocytosis reach out to swallow a large food and the food vacuole, receptor mediated endocytosis pull inwards to capture objects (ligands) and bind to their receptors.

Related Questions

1,Match the descriptions to the type of transport.

- A. B. C.	Water enters a cell because it is hypertonic compared to the extracellular environment, increasing its turgor pressure
- A. B. C.	Water enters guard cells because the guard cells are hypertonic compared to the surrounding cells
- A. B. C.	Potassium ions are pumped into guard cells
- A. B. C.	The motor cells of a Venus fly trap are hypotonic compared to surrounding cells, causing water to leave the motor cells
- A. B. C.	Sugar is loaded into the phloem

A.	Both active and passive transport
B.	Passive Transport
C.	Active transport

2,Describe what is wrong with the following statement and explain why:

All prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells contain plasma membrane, nucleus, ribosomes, organelles, cytoplasm, and cell walls.

What is short-distance transport?

	a,	The movement of solutes from a region of low concentration to a region of high concentration
		b,The movement of water, nutrients, and other substances between cells
c,		The movement of substances from a region of high concentration to a region of low concentration
d,		The movement of water across a semipermeable membrane from a region of low solute concentration to a region of high solute concentration.

What terms describe the movement of water across a semipermeable membrane from a region of high water concentration towards a region of low water concentration (and high solute concentration.)

What is found in the proptoplasm?

Cell wall, cytoplasm, plasma membrane, nucleus, and other cell organelles

Plasmodesmata, cell wall, and plasma membrane

Cell wall, cytoplasm, and plasma membrane

Cytoplasm, nucleus, and other cell organelles

The channels that allow nutrients and protoplasm to pass between plant cells are called _________________.

What happens when a plant cell is placed in a hypotonic solution?

Water will enter the plant cell and the plasma membrane will swell and cell lysis will occur

Water will leave the plant cell and the plasma membrane will pull away from the cell and plasmolysis will occur

Water will enter the plant cell and the plasma membrane will swell and push against the cell wall

Water will leave the plant cell and the plant cell will lose turgor pressure, causing the plant to wilt

________________ transport uses cellular energy.

What molecules make plasma cell membranes hydrophilic on the outside and hydrophobic on the inside?

What type of cells do plants have?

		Bacterial
		Archaeic
		Eukaryotic
		Prokaryotic

A hypertonic solution has a higher level of solutes so the water moves out of the cells to the surroundings

A hypotonic solution has a higher level of solutes so the water moves out of the cells to the surroundings

The salt and water solution in the potato is a hypotonic solution

Osmosis is the movement of large molecules across a membrane which require embedded proteins

The plain water in this experiment is the solvent and the salt is the solute.

Passive transport requires no energy and the molecules move with the concentration gradient or from high concentration to low concentration

Active transport required no energy and the molecules move with the concentration gradient or from high concentration to low concentration.

The water on the inside of the potato with the salt molecules is an isotonic solution the same as the solution on the outside of the potato.

Water will not move by simple diffusion (osmosis) into or out of cells it requires energy or protein transporters

The solution of salt water in the potato has a lower concentration of water molecules so the water on the outside should move into the cells

1) During the translation phase of protein synthesis, where would you find an anticodon

a)on the DNA strand

B) on the mRNA strand

C) on the large subunit of the ribosome

D) on the small subunit of the ribosome

E) on the strand of tRNA

2) The nucleus of a cell contains one or more of these structures that are the site of production of ribosomes.

3) Which of the following organelles oxidizes toxic substances such as alcohol, and breaks down other potentially harmful by-products of metabolism

e) ribosomes

4) Which represents a passive process?

a) movement of sodium ion from inside a cell to outside a cell

B)movement of water from an area of high water concentration to an area of low water concentration

C)movement of solute particles against their concentration gradient

D)the use of ATPase to move ions

5) A low-density lipoprotein is transported into the cell through a clathrin coated receptor and is degraded. This type of endocytosis is

a)bulk-phase endocytosis

B) phagocytosis

C) receptor mediated endocytosis

D) meiosis

BIOL107 Lecture Notes - Lecture 4: Red Blood Cell, Lipid Bilayer, Glucose Transporter

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