Psychology 1000 Lecture Notes - Lecture 5: Projective Test, Explicit Knowledge, Frontal Lobe
Facilitated Communication
What is phenomenon?
● Autistic kids have something to say but have a hard time saying it
● Help initiate movement
One side argues break through and one side says it is staged
How important is this?
● Maybe not kid communicating maybe something else is going on
● Is person the author of the statement (disabled individual)
Fundamental Question:
Who is the communication coming from? The individual or the facilitator?
We have to answer this question to figure out if the fundamental communication is useful or
not?
Methodological issue:
● Antidote solution- just stories
● It isn't compelling because their is no way of knowing who is saying what
● Double blind test show facilitator is typing
● What the facilitator sees is what is typed
Bettsie case study
● Sexual assault allegations
● From facilitator or bettsie
● Double sided blind test proves facilitator allocations
Big double blind test
● Proves facilitator is writing it not autistic individual
To get good results must control the variable you need to- can get inexpensive
Only see results when facilitator knows
● 0/180 were correct without the facilitator
Scientists proved that this did not work- epic fail
● Facilitated communication is a hoax
This prompts the follow up question: What is really going on then?
● Experimenter expectancy effects
● Facilitator somehow queuing autistic children
Prof example: intellectual growth spurt- teacher unintentionally treats students differently
Clever Hans
● Horse trained by scientist
● Can do all this science and math
● Is this true?
● Take trainor and still answer correctly
● Move environment and he still answers correctly
● It was actually social ques from people around him that trained him
● So test in a room with no one in the room and he failed
Prussian Police dogs- 6 dogs and 17 trails
● Dogs can't track a single track correctly
● Can train correctly but have to be very careful
● Can't know where they are going
● Dog picks up social ques too
Facilitators hand starts moving before patient UNINTENTIONALLY
Same situation as blind person and dog
Facilitator is communicating for the disabled!
People tried to prove that it did work
So Calculator and Singer performed a experiment
● It was the Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test
● Substantial improvement for student
● White noise was played in the facilitators ears
● PROBLEM: can occasionally detect presence of speech
Then people saw autistic kids have problems identifying objects or don't like scientists so they
don't perform
Does not work in facilitators designed experiment either
Facilitators not all liars and cheats? NO
However they should not be considered therapists
Damage
● To individuals(disabled)
● To the field
● Miss real communication because they are so focused on the fake
● Treating humans as puppets
● “Don't mean too” is not a good excuse
● People don't have the individuals best at heart
Facilitated communication has rebranded itself as “ Institute for communication and inclusion”
Conclusion: Facilitated communication appropriates communication
Jan 17
Subliminal Messages
James Vicary: founder of this “eat popcorn drink coke”
● In the movie picnic- the messages were in the film
● Says this increased the sales of both items
● Actually false he made it all up
● Close up: proved not supposed to remember it
Subliminal: of stimulus or mental process: below threshold (or linen) of sensation or
consciousness perceived by affecting someone's mind without awareness
● Hidden
● Unintended
● Imperceivable
● Below objective or subjective threshold
● No concious
Threshold: accuracy falls after you reach this point you are guessing but you lowkey know it
Sanders and Jastrow: Participants judgment, recognition, confidence judgements
Sex picture:
● Bees and the birds
● Penis in the vines #rip
● Leaf vaginas
● Sex written
Wilson Bryan Key
● Book manipulation of photos to become sexual
● Sex+ Death images sell
● He was crazy
Wilson Bryans Key’s “Research”
“Control groups and conditions or why would I control for what i already know”
Bottle Photo
● Extra special
● Colour
● Taller
Backward Subliminal Messages
● Devil in rock music… but not Christian music
● Another one bites the dust
Individuals were able to… Able to identify the sex of the speaker, language speaker was
talkingin
Test of conscious comprehension, test of unconscious comprehension
Document Summary
Autistic kids have something to say but have a hard time saying it. One side argues break through and one side says it is staged. Maybe not kid communicating maybe something else is going on. Is person the author of the statement (disabled individual) It isn"t compelling because their is no way of knowing who is saying what. Double blind test show facilitator is typing. What the facilitator sees is what is typed. Double sided blind test proves facilitator allocations. Proves facilitator is writing it not autistic individual. To get good results must control the variable you need to- can get inexpensive. Scientists proved that this did not work- epic fail. Prof example: intellectual growth spurt- teacher unintentionally treats students differently. Can do all this science and math. Move environment and he still answers correctly. It was actually social ques from people around him that trained him.
