POL 222 Lecture Notes - Lecture 5: October Crisis, Charlottetown Accord, Reasonable Accommodation
22 Jun 2018
School
Department
Course
Professor
Quebec and French Canada Unit objectives
Demographics of French-speaking population
Historical French-English Relations
Two conceptions of French Canada
Territorial principle: Quebec= centre of French Canada
Personality principle: French Canadian identity and language are not limited to Quebec but
promoted country-wide
Large French speaking populations in Ontario and New Brunswick
French military defeat led to 1763 Royal Proclamation and the imposition of English common
law
Failure of assimiliation led to the Quebec Act of 1774, replacing common law with the Civil
Code previously in plae under French rule; allowed Catholics to hold public office
The constitutional act of 1791 divided Canada into Upper (Ontario) and Lower (Quebec)
Canada
French-English tensions continued, Papineau Rebellion of 1837
Lord Durham’s report in 1839, recommendations
Assimiliation of the French
Union of Upper and Lower Canada
Granting of responsible government
1840 Act of Union= final attempt at assimilation
the constitution act of 1867 split the province of Canada and protected bilingualism and
denominational school
six ethnic conflicts took place from 1867-1960:
1870: First Riel Rebellion
1885: Second Riel Rebellion
1890: Manitoba’s official language act (trying to force English-only act)
1913: Ontario’s Regulation 17 (trying to stamp out French)
1917: First Conscription crisis
“only volunteers will fight this war” not prepared to fight for British overseas
high casualities among colonial troops
resulted in low supply of people conscription French Canadians NOT happy
1944: Second conscription crisis
ran out of volunteers
ran a referendum on conscription
trouble showed that a majority of Canadians were supportive of conscription except for
Quebecois.
Quebec nationalism widely seen as loyalty to Quebec as a French-Canadian nation
Prior to 1960, Quebec nationalism was primarily defensive
Until the 1970s in Quebec, the business world was dominanted by English minority
With the Quiet Revolution Quebec nationalism evolved into calls for action based on resentment
and grievance
-The turning point in Quebec
-A chan g e in behaviour, attitu d es, and values
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Document Summary
Personality principle: french canadian identity and language are not limited to quebec but promoted country-wide. Large french speaking populations in ontario and new brunswick. French military defeat led to 1763 royal proclamation and the imposition of english common law. Failure of assimiliation led to the quebec act of 1774, replacing common law with the civil. Code previously in plae under french rule; allowed catholics to hold public office. The constitutional act of 1791 divided canada into upper (ontario) and lower (quebec) 1840 act of union= final attempt at assimilation the constitution act of 1867 split the province of canada and protected bilingualism and denominational school six ethnic conflicts took place from 1867-1960: 1890: manitoba"s official language act (trying to force english-only act) 1913: ontario"s regulation 17 (trying to stamp out french) Only volunteers will fight this war not prepared to fight for british overseas high casualities among colonial troops resulted in low supply of people conscription french canadians not happy.
