MBB 222 Lecture Notes - Lecture 24: Sister Chromatids, Interphase, Chromatin
Get access
Related Documents
Related Questions
What step in DNA replication precedes the pairing of complementary bases?
A. | polymerization of DNA. | |
B. | formation of the histone core. | |
C. | mitotic division. | |
D. | separation of the two strands. | |
E. | joining of the two strands. |
In eukaryotes, transcription occurs in the
A. | ribosome. | |
B. | mitochondria. | |
C. | cell membrane. | |
D. | cytoplasm. | |
E. | nucleus. |
Normal human body cells contain how many chromosomes?
A. | 46 | |
B. | 22 | |
C. | 23 | |
D. | 44 | |
E. | 42 |
Hershey and Chase performed an experiment in which they used radioactive isotopes to phosphorus and sulfur to label different components of bacterial viruses. Their results clearly showed that
A. | the viruses did not contain protein. | |
B. | genetic material normally contains radioactive isotopes. | |
C. | the viruses did not contain DNA. | |
D. | protein was entering into the infected bacteria. | |
E. | DNA was entering into the infected bacteria. |
A package of histones with DNA wrapped around them forms spherical structures called
A. | nucleosomes. | |
B. | lysosomes. | |
C. | ribosomes. | |
D. | nucleoli. | |
E. | chromatin. |
DNA replication
A. | does not require proteins. | |
B. | is constantly happening in a cell. | |
C. | occurs in G1 of interphase. | |
D. | takes place in the nucleus of the cell. | |
E. | occurs in the cytoplasm of the cell. |
The two subunits of the ribosome join during
A. | promotion of transcription. | |
B. | initiation of translation. | |
C. | termination of transcription. | |
D. | termination of translation. | |
E. | elongation. |
DNA replication of a single DNA molecule is referred to as semiconservative because
A. | each of the two DNA molecules will consist of one parental strand and one newly synthesized strand. | |
B. | all the DNA strands in the two DNA molecules will have both parental and newly synthesized DNA. | |
C. | it results in two nonidentical DNA molecules. | |
D. | of the two DNA molecules, one is made up totally of parental DNA, while the other is entirely newly synthesized DNA. | |
E. | one DNA strand is replicated continuously, while the other must be replicated discontinuously. |
The bases are bonded to what part of the backbone of the DNA molecule?
A. | the 4â carbon atom of the sugar molecule. | |
B. | the 3â carbon atom of the sugar molecule. | |
C. | the 5â carbon atom of the sugar molecule. | |
D. | the 1â carbon atom of the sugar molecule. | |
E. | the 2â carbon atom of the sugar molecule. |
If an organismâs diploid chromosome number is 18, how many different possible combinations of homologous chromosomes lining up during meiosis exist for the eggs or sperm produced by that organism?
A. | 512 | |
B. | 9 | |
C. | 18 | |
D. | 128 | |
E. | 36 |
At the end of metaphase I, _______________ separate.
A. | sister chromatids | |
B. | germ cells | |
C. | homologous chromosomes | |
D. | haploid chromatids | |
E. | centrioles |
Mendel observed that dominant traits
A. | are seen in all of the F1 hybrid pea plants in his experiments. | |
B. | are expressed in all plants. | |
C. | were absent in the F1 generation of pea plants that he used in his experiments. | |
D. | were the only traits seen in the F2 generation of pea plants in his experiments. | |
E. | are only expressed in hybrids. |
Cytokinesis in plant cells differs from cytokinesis in animal cells because
A. | there is no difference. | |
B. | in plant cells, the cell plate must also divide into two parts. | |
C. | the contractile protein, actin, is important only in plant cells. | |
D. | plant cells have a rigid cell wall. | |
E. | a contractile ring forms only in plant cells. |
Sickle cell anemia is an example of what type of inheritance?
A. | complete dominance | |
B. | incomplete dominance | |
C. | codominance | |
D. | multiple alleles | |
E. | recessive dominance |
Which of the following statements is true:
A. | The dominant allele is masked in homozygous dominant individuals. | |
B. | With recessive genetic disorders, if both parents are carriers, the offspring will all be affected. | |
C. | In carriers, the recessive allele causes an intermediate phenotype. | |
D. | In recessive genetic disorders, the mother and/or father of an affected individual must also be affected. | |
E. | With dominant genetic disorders, the mother and/or father of an affected individual must also be affected. |
Skin cancers typically develop in the
A. | upper layers of the epidermis. | |
B. | lower layers of the dermis. | |
C. | subcutaneous layer. | |
D. | lower layers of the epidermis. | |
E. | upper layers of the dermis. |
Duchenne muscular dystrophy (MD) is inherited from an X-linked recessive allele. What is the probability that a son with Duchenne MD inherited this disease from his biological father?
A. | 1/2 | |
B. | 0 | |
C. | 1/16 | |
D. | 1/4 | |
E. | 1/8 |
The genetic makeup of a particular trait in an individual is its
A. | genotype. | |
B. | heterozygosity. | |
C. | phenotype. | |
D. | filial. | |
E. | dominance. |
What structure holds the sister chromatids to the spindle fibers?
A. | chromatin | |
B. | kinetochore | |
C. | MPF | |
D. | centromere | |
E. | cyclin |
If you view a cell in which the genetic material is beginning to be visible as separate bodies, and the nucleus has disappeared from view, you may surmise that the cells is in
A. | telophase. | |
B. | anaphase. | |
C. | interphase. | |
D. | metaphase. | |
E. | prophase. |
Gregor Mendel was successful in his analysis of the genetics of pea plants because
A. | he examined and analyzed both the F1 and F2 generations. | |
B. | he studied the parental plants to determine their differences. | |
C. | he decided to only look at his results in an objective manner. | |
D. | he studied a trait that had a strange inheritance pattern. | |
E. | pea plants have genetics different from other organisms. |
Tall corn plants (T) are dominant to dwarf plants (tt). Solid green leaves (G) are dominant to leaves with a white tip (gg). A cross between two corn plants yielded the following phenotypes: 51 tall plants with a white tip on their leaves; 43 dwarf plants with solid leaves; 48 dwarf plants with white tips on their leaves; 45 tall plants with solid leaves. What are the genotypes of the parents that produced these plants?
A. | None of the above | |
B. | TtGg x Ttgg | |
C. | ttGG x TTgg | |
D. | TtGg x TtGg | |
E. | TtGg x ttgg |
In humans, a gene that has been identified as causing a type of skin cancer is the
A. | superwoman echidna. | |
B. | mutant superman. | |
C. | sonic hedgehog. | |
D. | mutant mole rat. | |
E. | superhero aardvark. |
The segregation principle states that in sexually reproducing diploid organisms the two copies of each gene
A. | segregate from each other during meiosis. | |
B. | must always be the same allele. | |
C. | separate from each other during mitosis. | |
D. | will both wind up in either the sperm or egg. | |
E. | move together as a unit during meiosis. |
In what phases is the genetic material in the cell correctly referred to as chromatids?
A. | metaphase and telophase | |
B. | anaphase and metaphase | |
C. | interphase and telophase | |
D. | interphase and prophase | |
E. | metaphase and prophase |
Consider two traits for an organism, determined by two genes, each of which is governed by at least two alleles. In the case of a dihybrid individual, the gametes formed will be of either the parental type or the recombinant type. Recombinant type gametes are formed because of
A. | the principle of dihybrids. | |
B. | multiple alleles. | |
C. | heterozygosity. | |
D. | incomplete dominance. | |
E. | independent assortment. |
An allele is
A. | an alternate form of a gene. | |
B. | always recessive. | |
C. | the main factor determining a trait. | |
D. | always one of a pair. | |
E. | the dominant form of a gene. |
After the DNA is replicated, and it condenses in prophase, two identical rods of DNA are seen. These are
A. | spindle fibers. | |
B. | kinetochores. | |
C. | chromatids. | |
D. | chromatin. | |
E. | centromeres. |
Special cells found in the gonads that give rise to gametes upon division are called
A. | egg cells. | |
B. | somatic cells. | |
C. | germ cells. | |
D. | stem cells. | |
E. | basal cells. |